Cajamarca
Cajamarca
Cajamarca, a historical city in northern Peru, sits in a valley surrounded by mountains at about 2,700 meters above sea level. This place is known for its colonial buildings, hot springs, and dairy products. The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire effectively ended here when Francisco Pizarro captured Emperor Atahualpa in 1532, changing Peru's history forever.
The city center features beautiful examples of Spanish colonial architecture, with the main square Plaza de Armas at its heart. The Cathedral and San Francisco Church showcase intricate Baroque styling with fascinating stonework. Nearby, the Cuarto del Rescate (Ransom Room) is supposedly the only remaining Inca structure in Cajamarca and the place where Atahualpa was held captive.
Beyond history, Cajamarca is famous for its cheese, dairy products, and local dishes like cecina and caldo verde. The surrounding countryside offers impressive natural views with green valleys and rural communities maintaining traditional lifestyles. Every February, the city comes alive during Carnival season with music, dancing, and water fights throughout the streets.
The hot springs of Baños del Inca, just outside the city, have been used since Inca times and remain popular with visitors today. The archaeological site of Cumbemayo, with its ceremonial altars and ancient aqueduct, provides insights into pre-Columbian engineering and religious practices that date back more than 3,500 years.
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Things to do in Cajamarca
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Visit the Cajamarca Cheese Market
For those who enjoy cheese, the Cajamarca Cheese Market is a must-visit. Located in the center of the city, this market brings together local producers offering a wide selection of cheeses. Among the most popular are the smooth and mild quesillo and the rich, flavorful mantecoso.
Exploring the market is a sensory experience. The aroma of fresh cheese fills the air as you pass by stalls stacked with wheels and blocks in all shapes and sizes. Many vendors welcome visitors to sample their products, making it easy to find a favorite. The atmosphere is friendly and informal, inviting you to take your time as you browse.
For something different, there are varieties infused with herbs or paired with regional fruit preserves. These unique flavors reflect the region’s traditions and creativity. Whether purchasing a familiar cheese or trying something new, the market offers a chance to enjoy a classic part of Cajamarca’s culinary culture.
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Explore the Cutervo National Park
Cutervo National Park is one of Peru's lesser-known natural areas, offering visitors a quiet and unspoiled environment to explore. Recognized as the country's oldest national park, it features diverse wildlife and remarkable scenery. One of its most notable attractions is the Guácharos Cave, which shelters oilbirds, unusual nocturnal creatures known for their distinctive habits.
The park's hiking trails lead through dense cloud forests, often shrouded in mist, creating an atmosphere that feels both remote and enchanting. Along the way, there is a chance to spot rare animals such as spectacled bears and yellow-tailed woolly monkeys. Bird enthusiasts will also appreciate the variety of species found here, many of which are difficult to find elsewhere.
Visitors should be prepared for changing weather conditions, as the area often experiences rain and muddy paths. Sturdy footwear and appropriate clothing are recommended to fully enjoy the experience. Cutervo National Park offers a rewarding journey for those interested in nature, wildlife, and adventure.
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Visit the Callacpuma Archaeological Site
Callacpuma is an archaeological site located just outside Cajamarca, often overlooked in favor of more famous ruins in Peru. Despite its lesser-known status, it offers visitors a fascinating glimpse into the region’s ancient past. The site is particularly renowned for its extensive rock art, with paintings believed to be several thousand years old.
As you explore the area, you will find large rock surfaces covered in red pigments, depicting human figures, animals, and geometric patterns. These ancient illustrations provide valuable insight into the beliefs and daily life of the people who once inhabited the region. Ongoing archaeological studies continue to uncover new information, and visitors may even witness active excavations during their visit.
One of the most appealing aspects of Callacpuma is its peaceful atmosphere. The site rarely sees large crowds, allowing for an unhurried and immersive experience. It is an ideal place to reflect on the deep history of the area while appreciating the impressive artwork left behind by early cultures.
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Visit the Ventanillas de Otuzco
A short distance from Cajamarca lies the Ventanillas de Otuzco, an ancient burial site from the pre-Inca period. This archaeological site features hundreds of small, window-like niches carved directly into the face of a rocky cliff. The term "ventanillas" translates to "little windows" in Spanish, a fitting description for these carefully crafted openings.
As you approach, the sheer number of these square cavities scattered across the hillside becomes apparent. There is a quiet and mysterious quality to the site, knowing that each niche once held the remains of individuals from the ancient Cajamarca culture. The craftsmanship and purpose behind these structures offer a compelling insight into early funerary practices.
Visitors can follow a path that runs along the base of the cliff, providing close views and opportunities for photography. The surrounding scenery, with its rolling hills and agricultural fields, creates a calm and reflective setting. This site offers an informative and atmospheric connection to the region’s distant past and highlights the engineering skills of its early inhabitants.
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Learn about Inca history at Kuntur Wasi
Just a short drive from Cajamarca, Kuntur Wasi is an ancient archaeological site that's a must-visit for history buffs. This pre-Inca complex dates back to 1200 BC and offers a fascinating glimpse into the region's past. As you climb up the hill, you'll encounter impressive stone structures and terraces that have withstood the test of time.
The on-site museum houses a collection of artifacts found during excavations, including intricate gold jewelry that speaks to the advanced craftsmanship of the ancient inhabitants. The views from the top are breathtaking, stretching across the surrounding valleys and mountains. It's a perfect spot for some incredible photos and a moment of reflection on the rich cultural heritage of the area.
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Hike to Cumbemayo
Cumbemayo is an archaeological site located in the mountains beyond Cajamarca. The journey to reach it follows winding roads that reveal sweeping views of the Andean highlands. Upon arrival, visitors encounter a landscape marked by towering stone formations, often veiled in mist, creating a quiet and almost surreal atmosphere.
At the heart of Cumbemayo is its ancient aqueduct, an impressive example of pre-Inca engineering. Carved into solid rock more than 3,000 years ago, this water channel once served to manage and distribute water in the region. Along the path beside the aqueduct, intricate petroglyphs and geometric patterns can be seen, offering insight into the symbolic language of the time.
In addition to the aqueduct, there are several notable features scattered throughout the site. The 'Sanctuary,' a rock shaped like a human face, and the 'Frailones,' a series of tall stone columns, are particularly striking. Although parts of the hike can be demanding due to the elevation, the dramatic scenery and historical significance of Cumbemayo make the experience rewarding. It is advisable to bring warm clothing, as the weather in the mountains can shift unexpectedly.
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Visit the Santa Apolonia Hill
Santa Apolonia Hill is one of Cajamarca’s most scenic viewpoints. The ascent from the city center is short yet steep, but those who make the climb are rewarded with sweeping views of the city and the surrounding valley. It is a peaceful spot to appreciate the landscape from above.
At the summit stands the Chapel of Santa Apolonia, a modest white church that has a quiet charm, especially when illuminated in the evening. Nearby is the notable rock formation known as the 'Inca's Seat'. According to local tradition, it once served as a ceremonial throne for Inca leaders, although its original purpose remains uncertain.
The hill attracts both visitors and residents, particularly in the late afternoon as the sun begins to set. The warm light casts a golden hue over the city, making it an inviting place to pause and take in the scenery. Many choose to bring a picnic or spend time relaxing here, while others come simply to capture the striking views with their cameras.
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Explore Cajamarca's Colonial Past
Stepping into Cajamarca's Plaza de Armas is like walking back in time. The square is surrounded by stunning colonial buildings with intricate balconies and ornate facades. The centerpiece is the impressive Cajamarca Cathedral, with its gleaming white exterior and beautifully carved stonework.
As you wander around, you'll come across charming cafes and local artisan shops. Don't miss the chance to try some traditional Cajamarquino cheese or indulge in a cup of rich hot chocolate. The plaza comes alive in the evenings when locals gather to socialize and enjoy the cool mountain air.
Make sure to visit the nearby Santa Catalina Convent and the San Francisco Church. These historical sites offer a glimpse into the religious and cultural heritage of the region. The blend of Spanish colonial and indigenous influences creates a unique atmosphere that's both fascinating and picturesque.
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Soak in the Baños del Inca
The Baños del Inca, or Inca Baths, are a must-visit attraction just outside Cajamarca city. These natural hot springs have been used for centuries, dating back to the time of the Inca Empire. Legend has it that the Inca ruler Atahualpa himself used to bathe here.
Today, you can enjoy the warm, mineral-rich waters in both public and private pools. The main pool area is great for people-watching and soaking up the lively atmosphere. If you're looking for a more relaxing experience, opt for a private bath where you can adjust the water temperature to your liking.
After your soak, take a stroll through the well-maintained gardens surrounding the baths. The combination of the hot springs, fresh mountain air, and beautiful scenery makes for a truly rejuvenating experience. It's the perfect way to unwind after a day of exploring the city or hiking in the nearby mountains.
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Visit the Porcón Farm
Granja Porcón is a unique agricultural cooperative that offers visitors a chance to experience rural life in the Andes. This sprawling farm is not just a place to see animals; it's a thriving community that showcases sustainable farming practices. You can wander through pine forests, visit the dairy farm, and even try your hand at milking a cow.
The farm also features a small zoo where you can see native animals like vicuñas and llamas up close. One of the highlights is the opportunity to participate in various workshops, from cheese-making to wool spinning. It's a great place to learn about traditional Andean agriculture and how modern techniques are being integrated. The peaceful environment and the warmth of the local people make this a refreshing break from city life.
Where to stay in Cajamarca
Best hotels in Cajamarca:
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Hotel Los Nogales (budget hotel)
Hotel Los Nogales is a cozy spot in Cajamarca that feels like a home away from home. Located on a quiet street about a 15-minute walk from the main square, it's the perfect place to relax after exploring the city. The rooms are spacious and clean, with comfy beds and hot showers - exactly what you need after a day of sightseeing.
One of the best things about this place is the staff. They're super friendly and always ready to help with travel tips or restaurant recommendations. The breakfast is simple but tasty, with fresh fruit and good coffee to start your day off right. And don't miss checking out the terrace - it's a great spot to chill out and take in views of the city.
While it's not right in the center of town, the peaceful location makes for restful nights. With free WiFi, clean rooms, and warm hospitality, Hotel Los Nogales offers great value for travelers looking for a comfortable base to explore Cajamarca.
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Casa Bella (homestay)
Casa Bella is a cozy homestay in Cajamarca that offers a welcoming and comfortable atmosphere. The recently renovated property features rooms with garden views, private bathrooms, and amenities like flat-screen TVs and free WiFi. Guests can enjoy the relaxing terrace or spend time in the beautiful garden area.
A standout feature of this homestay is the exceptional breakfast, which includes a variety of American, vegetarian, and local options. The friendly owners are dedicated to making guests feel at home, offering attentive service and helpful tips for exploring the area.
With its peaceful setting and convenient location near the airport, Casa Bella serves as an excellent base for discovering Cajamarca's attractions. Previous guests have praised its cleanliness, comfort, and good value for the stay.
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Costa del Sol Wyndham (luxury hotel)
Costa del Sol Wyndham is a well-located hotel right on Cajamarca's main Plaza de Armas, offering easy access to the city’s attractions. The rooms are comfortable and come with all the essentials, including free Wi-Fi to stay connected. The hotel features a pool for relaxation and a gym for those looking to stay active during their visit.
El Tiesto Restaurant serves delicious local dishes along with international options. For drinks and a bit of fun, head to Bar El Urpo, which also offers a pool table and stays open late. A short walk from the hotel will take you to Santa Apolonia Hill, where you can enjoy panoramic views of Cajamarca. With its friendly staff and excellent location, Costa del Sol Wyndham provides a great base for exploring the city.
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El Portal Del Marques (medium range hotel)
El Portal Del Marques is a charming hotel located just a block from Cajamarca's main square, offering a cozy and intimate atmosphere with its colonial-style architecture and peaceful inner courtyard. The rooms are comfortable and well-maintained, with some featuring balconies that offer views of the garden or surrounding mountains.
The hotel’s location is a major plus, as it’s within walking distance of the city's top attractions and restaurants in the historic center. The friendly and helpful staff ensure a pleasant stay, and the breakfast served each morning is a great way to start your day. El Portal Del Marques provides excellent value for its central location and inviting character. It’s an ideal base for exploring Cajamarca and its surroundings, though be prepared for stairs as there is no elevator.